Creating a Line Tracking Robot

In general, line tracking robots can be designed with reference tothe main component is a constituent line tracking sensor,comparator, motors and motor as diver.

1. SENSOR
Sensors that can be used to manufacture line tracking isphotodiode. In order photodiode can be used as a sensor, thephotodiode dibias reverse. The workings of the photodiode, the resistance changes according to the intensity of light received by it,because actually a photodiode to encourage the free electrons tocross the junction pn junction, and causes the flow to the sensorcircuit mengalir.berikut: 

2. COMPARATOR Comparator is an application of the op-amp (operational amplifier), which has the function of comparing two given potential.The workings of the comparator device compares the potential difference is provided at input terminals A (+) and B (-). If the voltage is A> B then out to saturation, if the voltage of A <B or A = B then out = 0. IC LM339 comparator is used with pin-out configuration is shown in the picture above. In IC packaging LM339 comparator, there are 4 modules at once. Thus allows us to expand. 

3. MOTOR DRIVER Driver motor function as tools that served to carry both motor and set the direction of motor rotation speed motor. Kinds of motor drivers are: · Driver Control Voltage, with the driver controls the motor voltage using voltage levels directly to regulate the speed of motor rotation.· Drivers PWM, the PWM control we can set the motor speed to provide pulses with a fixed frequency to the motor, while that used to regulate the speed of the pulse duty cycle is given. · Driver H, H-type drivers are used to control the motor rotation can be CW or CCW direction of rotation. Driver is basically using 4 pieces of transistors for switching of motor rotation and in turn to reverse the polarity of the motor.

4. MOTOR Elekrik DC motor is a motor that uses DC voltage magnitude convert electricity into mechanical quantities. DC motors are generally used on small jobs and more suitable for use in applications - electronics applications such as robot cars. DC motor has two electrical terminals. By providing different voltages to the second terminal of the motor will be able to rotate in one direction and when the polarity of the voltage is reversed, the direction of motor rotation will be reversed as well. The polarity of the applied voltage at two terminals determine the direction of motor rotation, while the applied voltage difference determines the motor speed.

Posted in: Rangkaian